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In the article authors analyze the forms of dialectical synthesis in Marx social theory.

Keywords: dialectical synthesis, concrete-historical analysis, methodology of social science, social theory, classiacal Marxism, dialectical interpretation of communist theory, philosophical anthropology, Feuerbach.

The article deals with Tolstoy’s basic philosophy of life. He created not only artistic but also philosophical and religions works which influenced the world spiritual culture. The aim of this study is to show the integrity (completeness) and unity (harmony) of Tolstoy’s philosophy of life, his romantic tendencies in combination with critics of civilization and culture of his time.

Keywords: elements of romantic philosophy of life: mystic pantheism, rational & emotional unity of cognition, artistic, religious-philosophical characterization of three types of personality: “natural”, “civilized” and “modified” (“transformed”); study of the possibility to change “civilized” “human being” info genuine (“converted”) personality.

In two-valued algebra of formal ethics the author demonstrates a formalaxiological equivalence of corresponding “propositional attitudes” as moral-legal evaluation-functions determined by two variables. This result is a complement to the “propositional-attitude” paradigm, established by B. Russel and J. Hintikka. In the submitted mathematical representation of formal axiology, hitherto unknown “contraposition laws” are discovered and formulated precisely.

Keywords: propositional attitude, knowledge, belief, doubt, habit, desire, expectation,moral-legal evaluation-function, variable, formal-axiological equivalence, two-valued algebra of formal ethics.

The article discusses the problem of historical evolution of Modernity paradigm from its national form embedded in European context towards its global, cosmopolitan version. The article argues that the Modernity paradigm is still developing, which makes impossible to define Modernity as a finished, closed époque. On the contrary, Modernity in its political dimension is understood as continuing and open project. It is argued that, in spite of massive post-modernist critics, the Modernity remains the basic political paradigm than legitimizes and describes contemporary political universe. Various cultural, post-modernist, ecological and other discourses seen as alternatives to Modernity do not obtain the comparable degree of universality and legitimacy.

Keywords: modernity, legitimacy, paradigm, cosmopolitism, globalization, post-modernity, Europe.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the criteria of virtues, which characterizes the one who deserves power in the epoch of ancient democracy and in the time after the World War II. The author argues that the post-war list is based on the list of aristocratic virtues formed in antiquity; the ancient original was reduced to liberal version in XIX and then restored in its initial form during the period of world wars.

Keywords: aristocracy, democracy, liberal parliamentarism, class ethos.

The article explores the prospects of expanding the methodological scope of the theory of Modernity. The author analyses the intrinsic features of the modernization paradigm and argues that its analytical potential is wearied out to considerable degree. Therefore, the radical revision of its basic principles and categories, primarily, of the core category of Modernity, is the pivotal issue.

Keywords: modernity, modernization paradigm, modern institutions, situational approach to the problem of Modernity, universality and multiplicity of Modernity, global and local dimensions of Modernity, globalization.

The article considers the main interpretations of the concept of "soft power" in contemporary political philosophy and proves the relation of this concept with postmodern theories of discourse, temptation, fluid modernity, knowledge society, concepts of identity, symbolic politics.

Keywords: concept, soft power, political philosophy, discourse, temptation, identity, symbolic politics.

The article considers the diverse integration projects in modern Russia. Special attention is given to the integration of regions in Russia and to the formation of Perm's Region.

Keywords: integration, political integration, integration of regions in Russia.

Three main models of e-government development are considered from the standpoint of neo-institutionalism. Russian type of e-government is defined as model № 2: development driven by administrative demand.

Keywords: neo-institutionalism, e-government, e-government development index, e-government model.

The main directions of feminist sociology of techno-science are considered. Techno-feminism is chosen as methodological ground for the analysis of results of empirical research of IT adaptation in town Polevskoi of Sverdlovsk oblast'.

Keywords: techno-feminism, SCOT, domestication of technology, IT, mobile phones.

The author examines the correlation of private and public aspects in the existence of modern Russian citizen. The article analyses the evolution of private and public life in Russia (family, men' and women' roles, the substance of power in Russia), as well as peculiarities of the interaction between private and public spheres in today's Russia.

Keywords: private life, public sphere, private person, public role of citizen.