Lobovikov Vladimir
Abstract: In the article, history of philosophy is considered from the viewpoint of empirical criminology and philosophy of crime. Thus, biographies of outstanding philosophers look surprisingly. According to criminological analysis of the history of philosophy, many respectable philosophers were under suspicion, investigation, and trial; they were arrested, deprived of freedom, imprisoned, sent to exile. Some great philosophers were sentenced to the capital punishment; some escaped from the jail and emigrated. In order to avoid this, many philosophers acted secretly; for publishing, they used pseudonyms and desinformation about publisher and publication place. Nevertheless, some were detected and “wanted” by police and church secret services. For the first time in scientific literature, such facts are gathered together, condensed and connected with abstracttheoretical discussion on metaphysics of crime in general. Philosophical attitude to crime is elaborated, according to which legal norm (law) represents stability aspect of society; and crime – the mutability one. Future life-conditions are not definite. In order to survive in a long run, the society has to have a limited sub-system of potential criminals at every stage of its development. Such sub-system is necessary for adequate adaptation to indefinite future conditions. However, in the supplement to sub-system, which represents change (i.e., development by adaptation to new lifeconditions), society must have a sub-system, which represents non-change (stability), and self-conservation. The abovementioned sub-systems are mutually restrictive; they complement oppositions, which make up the real society undergoing development. Scientific novelty of the article: for the first time in the worldwide theoretical criminology, a discrete-mathematical-model of formal-axiological aspect of crime is submitted. According to this model, “crime”, “empirical-knowledge” and other phenomena are considered as evaluation-functions determined by two evaluation-variables in formalaxiology algebra.
Keywords: criminology, history-of-philosophy, norm, crime, stability, flexibility, value, discrete-mathematical-model of formal-axiology of criminal activity.