Structuralizm in Logic

The article attempts to substantiate the formation of structuralist methodology in logic at the beginning of the 20th century. This development aligns with the broader trend in non-classical science, whose main subsystems identify structural and static laws grounded in structuralist method. Accordingly, the author understands logical structuralism as the position that regards this methodology as fundamental to the advancement of modern logic. The adoption of structuralist methodology became possible due to a profound transformation in the subject matter of logic – a shift which many experts consider a revolution in the field. This transformation marked a move away from conceptual analysis to the analysis of language itself. Logical structuralism, therefore, emphasizes the “technology” of this method, which was reflected in the works of French thinkers, such as Roland Barthes and Jilles Deleuze, and domestic scholars like Vladimir Y. Propp, who developed structuralist approach. Within this framework, the linguistic structures of the logic model are seen as isomorphic and internally identical to ontological structures. Terms such as logical structure, logical framework, logical features, and logical skeleton capture the isomorphic nature of these ontological entities and the regularities they exhibit. The potential of the structuralist methodology in logic remains far from fully realized. This approach could serve as a unifying tool for the expanding field of knowledge, much like it did in mathematics at the beginning of the 20th century. In addition, the stages of structuralist research – initially developed within major scientific subsystems – progress from statics and synchrony to dynamics and diachrony. This evolution suggests that logic too may follow a similar trajectory in the future.

Keywords: structuralism; structuralist methodology; logic; logical structures; ontological structures; structural laws; Bertrand Russell; Rudolf Carnap; Ludwig Wittgenstein; Guido Küng; Georg Henrik von Wright